ONE STEP TESTS CARDIAC MARKERS


Myoglobin - for the detection of human myoglobin in serum, plasma or whole blood. Myoglobin is a protein active in the storage and transfer of oxygen to muscle tissues and is one of the major proteins found in the myocardium in humans. Injury to cardiac muscle results in the release of myoglobin into the bloodstream and the measurement of elevated acute mycardial infarction (AMI) is a valuable indication in the early diagnosis of AMI as myoglobin levels rise within 4 hours of the onset of symptoms.

Troponin I - for the qualitative assessment of cardiac Troponin I in human serum, plasma or whole blood. Cardiac troponin I (cTn1) is a cardiac muscle protein which is released rapidly into the blood after the onset of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Its release pattern is similar to CK-MB ( 4-6 hours after the onset of AMI) and cTn1 levels remain elevated for up to 6-10 days. In healthy people the level is very low, and is not detected in patients with skeletal muscle injury, making cTn1 a specific marker for diagnosis of AMI.

CK-MB - a rapid one step assay for the detection of CK-MB in human serum or plasma. Creatine Kinase (CK) occurs in various human tissues in three isoenzymic forms. Creatine Kinase-MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) is well-documented as a marker for acute myocardial infarction and is found in blood within 6 hours of myocardial necrosis. It peaks in 13-15 hours with a typical range of 39-185 ng/ml and elevated levels remain for 2-3 days after the onset of chest pain.

TUMOR MARKERS

PSA - a rapid semi-quantitative one-step immunoassay for the rapid detection of human prostate-specific antigen in serum or plasma. PSA is an intracellular glycoprotein produced by the prostate gland and is a normal constituent of prostate tissue. It is present in benign hyperplastic and malignant prostatic tissue, in metastatic prostatic carcinoma, and in prostatic fluid and seminal plasma. High levels of PSA are found in the serum of prostate cancer patients due to leakage of the antigen into circulation while levels found in the serum from healthy men will normally not be detectable.

Hemoglobin - for the detection of fecal occult blood in colorectal cancer, a cancer which ranks as the third most common cancer worldwide. Early detection of the lesions considerably increases the survival rates of patients. Among persons over 45 years, 10% have colorectal polyps from which 1% will become malignant. Based on the fact that many polyps larger than 0.5cm can bleed, fecal occult blood testing is a simple and inexpensive screening method for colorectal cancer compared to colonoscopy.

 

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